Leviticus 3:4

“And the two kidneys, and the fat that [is] on them, which is [by] the flanks, etc.] Meaning either the two kidneys which were next the flanks, or the fat upon them, which was next to them; these, and the burning of them, may signify the burning zeal and flaming love and affections of Christ for his people, which instructed him, and put him upon offering himself a sacrifice of peace offering for them, (see <191607>Psalm 16:7) and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away; or the caul, which is a thin membrane or skin, in which the liver is enclosed, with the liver, together with the kidneys, he separated from the rest in order to burn, at least with a part of the…”

“the two kidneys . . . of the flock . . . the whole rump--There is, in Eastern countries, a species of sheep the tails of which are not less than four feet and a half in length. These tails are of a substance between fat and marrow. A sheep of this kind weighs sixty or seventy English pounds weight, of which the tail usually weighs fifteen pounds and upwards. This species is by far the most numerous in Arabia, Syria, and Palestine, and, forming probably a large portion in the flocks of the Israelites, it seems to have been the kind that usually bled on the Jewish altars. The extraordinary size and deliciousness of their tails give additional importance to this law. To command by an express…”

“The caul above the liver - Probably the membrane covering the upper part of the liver. return to 'Top of Page'”

“3:4 kidneys . . . lobe of the liver: The Israelites saw the kidneys as organs of understanding, much like how we think of the brain (“I am overwhelmed [literally my kidneys are consumed],” Job 19:27; “heart,” Pss 7:9; 16:7; Jer 12:2; Lam 3:13; “motives,” Ps 26:2; Jer 17:10; “thoughts,” Jer 11:20; 20:12). The liver represented life and vitality, similar to how we think of the heart (Prov 7:23; “spirit,” Lam 2:11).”

“caul above the liver, with the kidneys: or, midriff over the liver, and over the kidneys, Lev 3:10, Lev 3:15, Lev 4:9, Lev 7:4, Lev 8:16, Lev 8:25, Lev 9:10, Lev 9:19; Exo 29:13 \*marg. Exo 29:22 Leviticus 3:5”