Leviticus 19:17

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Leviticus 19:17 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart: thou shalt surely rebuke thy neighbor, and not bear sin because of him.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart: thou shalt surely rebuke thy neighbor, and not bear sin because of him.
Leviticus 19:17 — American Standard Version

Context — Leviticus 19

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
17Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart: thou shalt surely rebuke thy neighbor, and not bear sin because of him.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart, etc.] Although no hatred may be expressed either by words or deeds, yet being in the heart is a breach of the sixth command, (see <400521>Matthew 5:21,22); and of this a man may be guilty, when he does not attempt to save the life of his neighbour, either by bearing a testimony for him, or by delivering from danger, as preserving him from drowning, from wild beasts and thieves, as in (<031916>Leviticus 19:16); or when he does not reprove him for sin, as in the next clause, but suffers him to go on in it to his ruin, either of which by interpretation is an hatred of him: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, for any sin committed by him,…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour--Instead of cherishing latent feelings of malice or meditating purposes of revenge against a person who has committed an insult or injury against them, God's people were taught to remonstrate with the offender and endeavor, by calm and kindly reason, to bring him to a sense of his fault. not suffer sin upon him--literally, "that ye may not participate in his sin."”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Not suffer sin upon him - Rather, not hear sin on his account; that is, either by bearing secret ill-will Ephesians 4:26, or by encouraging him to sin in withholding due rebuke Romans 1:32. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shalt not hate - As thou dost, in effect, if thou dost not rebuke him. Thy brother - The same as thy neighbour, that is, every man. If thy brother hath done wrong, thou shalt neither divulge it to others, nor hate him, and smother that hatred by sullen silence; nor flatter him therein, but shalt freely and in love, tell him of his fault. And not suffer sin upon him - Not suffer him to lie under the guilt of any sin, which thou by rebuking him, and thereby bringing him to repentance, couldst free him from. Leviticus 19:18”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“19:17 for any of your relatives: The Hebrew term can refer to any fellow Israelite; all Israel was considered one family (cp. 1 Jn 3:15). • Confront people directly: Love does not mean closing one’s eyes to wrong; reproof can help a person change.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“hate: Gen 27:41; Pro 26:24-26; Jo1 2:9, Jo1 2:11, Jo1 3:12-15 rebuke: Psa 141:5; Pro 9:8, Pro 27:5, Pro 27:6; Mat 18:15-17; Luk 17:3; Gal 2:11-14, Gal 6:1; Eph 5:11; Ti1 5:20; Ti2 4:2; Tit 1:13, Tit 2:15 and not suffer sin upon him: or, that thou bear not sin for him, Rom 1:32; Co1 5:2; Ti1 5:22; Jo2 1:10, Jo2 1:11 Leviticus 19:18”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification