Jude 1:13

“Raging waves of the sea, etc.] False teachers are so called, for their, swelling pride and vanity; which, as it is what prevails in human nature, is a governing vice in such persons, for knowledge without grace puffs up; and this shows that they had not received the doctrine of grace in truth, for that humbles; as also for their arrogance, boasting, and ostentation; and for their noisiness, their restless, uneasy, and turbulent spirits, for their furious and wrathful dispositions; as well as for their levity and inconstancy, and for their turpitude and filthiness: foaming out their own shame: wrathful words, frothy and obscene language, and filthy doctrines; and which expresses the issue of…”

“Raging--wild. Jude has in mind Isa 57:20. shame--plural in Greek, "shames" (compare Phi 3:19). wandering stars--instead of moving on in a regular orbit, as lights to the world, bursting forth on the world like erratic comets, or rather, meteors of fire, with a strange glare, and then doomed to fall back again into the blackness of gloom.”

“Raging waves of the sea - Compare 2 Peter 2:18. They are like the wild and restless waves of the ocean. The image here seems to be, that they were noisy and bold in their professions, and were as wild and ungovernable in their passions as the billows of the sea. Foaming out their own shame - The waves are lashed into foam, and break and dash on the shore. They seem to produce nothing but foam, and to proclaim their own shame, that after all their wild roaring and agitation they should effect no more. So with these noisy and vaunting teachers. What they impart is as unsubstantial and valueless as the foam of the ocean waves, and the result is in fact a proclamation of their own shame. Men…”

“Wandering stars - Literally, planets, which shine for a time, but have no light in themselves, and will be soon cast into utter darkness. Thus the apostle illustrates their desperate wickedness by comparisons drawn from the air, earth, sea, and heavens. Jude 1:14”

“1:13 The planets were considered to be wandering stars because they moved across the sky in seemingly irregular patterns. The false teachers wandered, and God condemned their sin.”

“Raging: Psa 65:7, Psa 93:3, Psa 93:4; Isa 57:20; Jer 5:22, Jer 5:23 foaming: Phi 3:19; Ti2 3:13 wandering: Rev 8:10, Rev 8:11 to whom: Pe2 2:17; Rev 14:10, Rev 14:11, Rev 20:10, Rev 21:8 Jude 1:14”