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Joshua 21:39

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does Joshua 21:39 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Heshbon with its suburbs, Jazer with its suburbs; four cities in all.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Heshbon with its suburbs, Jazer with its suburbs; four cities in all.
Joshua 21:39 — American Standard Version

Context — Joshua 21

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
36And out of the tribe of Reuben, Bezer with its suburbs, and Jahaz with its suburbs,
37Kedemoth with its suburbs, and Mephaath with its suburbs; four cities.
38And out of the tribe of Gad, Ramoth in Gilead with its suburbs, the city of refuge for the manslayer, and Mahanaim with its suburbs,
39Heshbon with its suburbs, Jazer with its suburbs; four cities in all.
40All [these were] the cities of the children of Merari according to their families, even the rest of the families of the Levites; and their lot was twelve cities.
41All the cities of the Levites in the midst of the possession of the children of Israel were forty and eight cities with their suburbs.
42These cities were every one with their suburbs round about them: thus it was with all these cities.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Heshbon with her suburbs, etc.] Which was formerly the royal city of Sihon king of the Amorites, and was first given to and rebuilt by the Reubenites, but was upon the border of the tribe of Gad; and appears from hence to have been one of their cities, (<042126>Numbers 21:26 32:37) (<061317>Joshua 13:17,21,26); Jazer with her suburbs; sometimes called Jaazer, another city in the same country, and near Heshbon; (see <042132>Numbers 21:32); four cities in all: which were Ramothgilead, Mahanaim, Heshbon, and Jazer.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Merarite cities. Some of these places are not found in the list of Zebulonite cities in Joshua 19:10-16. The text is considered corrupt. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Heshbon: Jos 13:17, Jos 13:21; Num 21:26-30, Num 32:37; Ch1 6:81 Jazer: Num 32:1, Num 32:3, Num 32:35, Jaazer, Isa 16:8, Isa 16:9; Jer 48:32 Joshua 21:41”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification