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Joshua 11:10

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does Joshua 11:10 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And Joshua turned back at that time, and took Hazor, and smote the king thereof with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And Joshua turned back at that time, and took Hazor, and smote the king thereof with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms.
Joshua 11:10 — American Standard Version

Context — Joshua 11

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
7So Joshua came, and all the people of war with him, against them by the waters of Merom suddenly, and fell upon them.
8And Jehovah delivered them into the hand of Israel, and they smote them, and chased them unto great Sidon, and unto Misrephoth-maim, and unto the valley of Mizpeh eastward; and they smote them, until they left them none remaining.
9And Joshua did unto them as Jehovah bade him: he hocked their horses, and burnt their chariots with fire.
10And Joshua turned back at that time, and took Hazor, and smote the king thereof with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms.
11And they smote all the souls that were therein with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there was none left that breathed: and he burnt Hazor with fire.
12And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and he smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed them; as Moses the servant of Jehovah commanded.
13But as for the cities that stood on their mounds, Israel burned none of them, save Hazor only; that did Joshua burn.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And Joshua at that time turned back and took Hazor, etc.] After he had chased the Canaanites to the places mentioned, he returned to Hazor, near to which Joshua first fell upon them, but through the pursuit he was led on many miles beyond it: Bunting says f243, it was thirty two miles from Sidon: and smote the king thereof with the sword; who, very probably, upon the surprise at the waters of Merom, fled to his capital for safety; but that being taken by Joshua, he was slain by him with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms; before mentioned, (<061101>Joshua 11:1); but not of all the land of Canaan: Jerom f244 says, it was the metropolis of all the kingdoms of…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“The king - In his royal city, to which he fled out of the battle. Head of these kingdoms - Not of all Canaan, but of all those who were confederate with him in this expedition. Joshua 11:11”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Hazor: Jos 11:1; Jdg 4:2 Joshua 11:11”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification