Joshua 10:3

“Wherefore Adonizedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, etc.] Which, according to Jerom f162 was twenty two miles from Jerusalem; it was an ancient city built seven years before Zoan in Egypt; (see Gill on “<011318>Genesis 13:18”) and (see Gill on “<041322>Numbers 13:22”): and unto Piram king of Jarmuth; a city which fell to the lot of Judah, as did Hebron, (<061535>Joshua 15:35,54); according to Jerom f163, it was four miles distant from Eleutheropolis; according to Procopius f164 fourteen, about the village Eshtaol, near to which Samson was buried, (<071631>Judges 16:31); but Jerom f165 speaks of a city called Jermus, in the tribe of Judah, which seems to be the same with…”

“Wherefore Adoni-zedek . . . sent, . . . saying, Come up unto me, and help me--A combined attack was meditated on Gibeon, with a view not only to punish its people for their desertion of the native cause, but by its overthrow to interpose a barrier to the farther inroads of the Israelites. This confederacy among the mountaineers of Southern Palestine was formed and headed by the king of Jerusalem, because his territory was most exposed to danger, Gibeon being only six miles distant, and because he evidently possessed some degree of pre-eminence over his royal neighbors.”

“For Hebron, see Genesis 13:18. Jarmuth, afterward one of the cities of Judah Joshua 15:35, is probably identified with the modern Yarmuk. Lachish was also a city of Judah Joshua 15:39, and, like Jarmuth, occupied by Jews after the captivity, Neh. 11:39. It was fortified by Rehoboam after the revolt of the Ten tribes 2 Chronicles 11:9, and seems to have been regarded as one of the safest places of refuge 2 Kings 14:19. Through Lachish the idolatry of Israel was imported into Judah Micah 1:13, and of this sin the capture of the city by Sennacherib was the punishment 2 Kings 18:14-17; 2 Kings 19:8. Lachish is by most authorities identified with Um Lakis, lying some twenty miles west of…”

“Adoni - zedek sent - Either because he was superior to them, or because he was nearest the danger, and most forward in the work. Joshua 10:5”

“king of Jerusalem: Jos 10:1, Jos 10:5, Jos 12:10-13, Jos 15:35-39, Jos 15:54, Jos 15:63, Jos 18:28 Hebron: Hebron was situated on an eminence, 20 miles south of Jerusalem, and the same distance north of Beersheba. It is now called El Khalil, "the well-beloved," the usual epithet which the Turks and Arabs apply to Abraham, whose sepulchral cave they still shew; over which St. Helena built a magnificent church Its original site was on an eminence, at the southern foot of which the present village is pleasantly situated, on which are the remains of an ancient castle, its sole defence. Jos 14:15; Gen 23:2, Gen 37:14; Num 13:22; Sa2 2:11 Lachish: Kg2 18:14, Kg2 18:17; Ch2 11:9; Mic 1:13 Joshua…”