Job 42:10

“And the Lord turned the captivity of Job, etc.] Not literally, in such sense as Lot’s captivity was turned, (<011412>Genesis 14:12); for Job’s person was not seized on and carried away, though his cattle were: nor spiritually, being delivered from the captivity of sin; that had been his case many years ago, when first converted: but it is to be understood of his restoration from afflictions and calamities to a happy state; as of the return of his substance, his health and friends, and especially of his deliverance from Satan, in whose hands he had been some time, and by him distressed both in body and mind. But now his captivity was turned, and he was freed from all his distresses; and even…”

“turned . . . captivity--proverbial for restored, or amply indemnified him for all he had lost (Eze 16:53; Psa 14:7; Hos 6:11). Thus the future vindication of man, body and soul, against Satan (Job 1:9-12), at the resurrection (Job 19:25-27), has its earnest and adumbration in the temporal vindication of Job at last by Jehovah in person. twice--so to the afflicted literal and spiritual Jerusalem (Isa 40:2; Isa 60:7; Isa 61:7; Zac 9:12). As in Job's case, so in that of Jesus Christ, the glorious recompense follows the "intercession" for enemies (Isa 53:12).”

“And the Load turned the captivity of Job - Restored him to his former prosperity. The language is taken from restoration to country and home after having been a captive in a foreign land. This language is often applied in the Scriptures to the return of the Jews from their captivity in Babylon, and some writers have made use of it as an argument to show that Job lived “after” that event. But this conclusion is unwarranted. The language is so general that it might be taken from the return from “any” captivity, and is such as would naturally be employed in the early periods of the world to denote restoration from calamity. It was common in the earliest ages to convey captives in war to the…”

“Captivity - All his bodily distempers were thoroughly healed, and probably in a moment. His mind was calmed, his peace returned, and the consolations of God were not small with him. Prayed - Whereby he manifests his obedience to God and his true love to them. Job 42:11”

“42:10 Job’s fortunes probably included his health (42:16-17). God created humans in order to bless them, not curse them.”

“turned: Job 5:18-20; Deu 30:3; Psa 14:7, Psa 53:6, Psa 126:1, Psa 126:4 when: Gen 20:17; Exo 17:4, Exo 17:5; Num 12:2, Num 12:13, Num 14:1-4, Num 14:10, Num 14:13-20, Num 16:21, Num 16:22, Num 16:46-48; Deu 9:20; Luk 16:27; Act 7:50, Act 7:60 the Lord: Job 8:6, Job 8:7, Job 22:24, Job 22:25; Deu 8:18; Sa1 2:7; Ch2 25:9; Pro 22:4; Hag 2:8 gave Job twice as much as he had before: Heb. added all that had been to Job unto the double, Isa 40:2, Isa 61:7 Job 42:11”

“10 And Jehovah turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends; and Jehovah increased everything that Job had possessed to the double. רעהוּ is to be understood generally, as Job 16:21, and the בּ signifies not "because," but "when." The moment in which Job prayed for his friends became, as the climax of a life that is well-pleasing with God, the turning-point of glory to him. The Talmud has borrowed from here the true proverb: תחלה כל־המתפלל בעד חברו נענה, i.e., he who prays for his fellow-men always finds acceptance for himself first of all. The phrase (שׁבית) שׁוּב שׁבוּת signifies properly to turn captivity, then in general to make an end of misery; also in German, elend, old…”