Job 19:24

“That they were graven with an iron pen and lead in the rock for ever!] Or “that they were written with an iron pen and lead, that they were cut or hewn out in a rock for ever”; not with both an iron and leaden pen, or pencil; for the marks of the latter are not durable, and much less could it be used on a rock according to our version; but the sense seems to be, that they might be written with an iron pen, which was used in writing, (<241701>Jeremiah 17:1); upon a sheet of lead, as the Vulgate Latin version; for it was usual in ancient times, as Pliny f746 and others relate, for books to be made of sheets of lead, and for public records to be engrossed, as in plates of brass, so sometimes in…”

“pen--graver. lead--poured into the engraven characters, to make them better seen [UMBREIT]. Not on leaden plates; for it was "in the rock" that they were engraved. Perhaps it was the hammer that was of "lead," as sculptors find more delicate incisions are made by it, than by a harder hammer. FOSTER (One Primeval Language) has shown that the inscriptions on the rocks in Wady-Mokatta, along Israel's route through the desert, record the journeys of that people, as Cosmas Indicopleustes asserted, A.D. 535. for ever--as long as the rock lasts.”

“That they were graven - Cut in, or sculptured - as is done on stones. That they might become thus a permanent record. With an iron pen - A stylus, or an engraving tool - for so the word (עט ‛êṭ) means. The instrument formerly used for writing or engraying was a small, sharp-pointed piece of iron or steel, that was employed to mark on lead or stone - somewhat in the form of small graying tools now. When the writing was on wax, the instrument was made with a flat head, that it could be obliterated by pressing it on or passing it over the wax. The reason why Job mentions the iron pen here is, that he wished a perment record. He did not desire one made with paint or chalk, but one which would…”

“Lead - Anciently they used to grave the letters in a stone with an iron tool, and then to fill up the cuts with lead, that the words might be more plainly seen. Job 19:25”

“graven: Exo 28:11, Exo 28:12, Exo 28:21, Exo 32:16; Deu 27:2, Deu 27:3, Deu 27:8; Jer 17:1 Job 19:25”