Isaiah 5:14

“Therefore hell hath enlarged herself, &c.] That is, the grave, to receive the dead which die with famine and thirst; signifying that the number of the dead would be so great, that the common burying places would not be sufficient to hold them; but additions must be made to them; or some vast prodigious pit must be dug, capable of receiving them; like Tophet, deep and large: or “hath enlarged her soul”f101; her desire after the dead, (see <350205>Habakkuk 2:5) being insatiable, and one of those things which are never satisfied, or have enough, (<203015>Proverbs 30:15,16) wherefore it follows: and opened her mouth without measure; immensely wide; there being no boundary to its desires, nor any…”

“hell--the grave; Hebrew, sheol; Greek, hades; "the unseen world of spirits." Not here, "the place of torment." Poetically, it is represented as enlarging itself immensely, in order to receive the countless hosts of Jews, which should perish (Num 16:30). their--that is, of the Jewish people. he that rejoiceth--the drunken reveller in Jerusalem.”

“Therefore hell - The word transated “hell,” שׁאול she'ôl, has not the same meaning that we now attach to that word; its usual signification, among the Hebrews, was “the lower world, the region of departed spirits.” It corresponded to the Greek ἅδης Hadēs, “hades,” or place of the dead. This word occurs eleven times in the New Testament Matthew 11:23; Matthew 16:18; Luke 10:15; Luke 16:23; Acts 2:27, Acts 2:31; 1 Corinthians 15:55; Revelation 1:18; Revelation 6:8; Revelation 20:13-14, in all of which places, except 1 Corinthians 15:55, it is rendered “hell,” though denoting, in most of those places, as it does in the Old Testament, the abodes of the dead. The Septuagint, in this place,…”

“And he - That spends all his days in mirth and jollity. Isaiah 5:15”

“5:14 The grave (Hebrew Sheol) represented the place of the dead in ancient Near Eastern thinking (see 14:9).”

“hell: Isa 14:9, Isa 30:33; Psa 49:14; Pro 27:20; Eze 32:18-30; Hab 2:5; Mat 7:13; Rev 20:13-15 opened: Num 16:30-34; Pro 1:12 he that rejoiceth: Isa 21:4; Sa1 25:36-38; Sa2 13:28, Sa2 13:29; Psa 55:15; Dan 5:3-6, Dan 5:30; Nah 1:10; Luk 12:19, Luk 12:20, Luk 16:20-23, Luk 17:27, Luk 21:34; Act 12:21-23 Isaiah 5:15”

“The threat of punishment commences again with "therefore;" it has not yet satisfied itself, and therefore grasps deeper still. "Therefore the under-world opens its jaws wide, and stretches open its mouth immeasurably wide; and the glory of Jerusalem descends, and its tumult, and noise, and those who rejoice within it." The verbs which follow lâcēn (therefore) are prophetic preterites, as in Isa 5:13. The feminine suffixes attached to what the lower world swallows up do not refer to sheol (though this is construed more frequently, no doubt, as a feminine than as a masculine, as it is in Job 26:6), but, as expressed in the translation, to Jerusalem itself, which is also necessarily required…”