Hebrews 13:24

“Salute all them that have the rule over you, etc..] The pastors and officers of the church of the Hebrews, the same with those in (<581307>Hebrews 13:7,17) and all the saints; the several members of the church, who were set apart to holiness by God; whose sins were expiated by Christ; to whom Christ was made sanctification; and who were internally sanctified by the Spirit of God, and lived holy lives and conversations; to these the apostle wished all prosperity, inward and outward, spiritual and temporal; and he uses the word “all” in both clauses; and, including every officer and member, expresses his universal love to them, whether high or low, rich or poor, greater or lesser believers:…”

“all--The Scriptures are intended for all, young and old, not merely for ministers. Compare the different classes addressed, "wives," Eph 5:22; little children, Jo1 2:18; "all," Pe1 3:8; Pe1 5:5. He says here "all," for the Hebrews whom he addresses were not all in one place, though the Jerusalem Hebrews are chiefly addressed. They of Italy--not merely the brethren at Rome, but of other places in Italy.”

“Salute all them - see the notes on Romans 16:3 ff. It was customary for the apostle Paul to close his epistles with an affectionate salutation. That have the rule over you - notes, Hebrews 13:7, Hebrews 13:17. None are mentioned by name, as is usual in the Epistles of Paul. The cause of this omission is unknown. “And all the saints.” The common name given to Christians in the Scriptures; see the notes on Romans 1:7. They of Italy salute you - The saints or Christians in Italy. Showing that the writer of the Epistle was then in Italy. He was probably in Rome; see the introduction, section 4. return to 'Top of Page'”

“13:24-25 The book closes with a formal greeting and a blessing. • The believers from Italy: The author is probably writing back to Rome from elsewhere in the Mediterranean world; some scholars, however, have thought that the author was writing from Rome.”

“Salute: Rom. 16:1-16 the rule: Heb 13:7, Heb 13:17 and all: Co2 1:1, Co2 13:13; Phi 1:1, Phi 4:22; Col 1:2; Plm 1:5 They: Rom 16:21-23 Italy: Act 18:2, Act 27:1 Hebrews 13:25”