Hebrews 10:33

“Partly whilst ye were made a gazing stock, etc..] Brought upon the stage or theatre, and made a spectacle to the world, angels, and men, (<460409>1 Corinthians 4:9) both by reproaches and afflictions; suffering both in their characters and reputations, and in their persons and substance: and partly whilst ye became companions of them that were so used; they maintained their communion with them, relieved them in distress, and sympathized with them.”

“The persecutions here referred to seem to have been endured by the Hebrew Christians at their first conversion, not only in Palestine, but also in Rome and elsewhere, the Jews in every city inciting the populace and the Roman authorities against Christians. gazing-stock--as in a theater (so the Greek): often used as the place of punishment in the presence of the assembled multitudes. Act 19:29; Co1 4:9, "Made a theatrical spectacle to the world." ye became--of your own accord: attesting your Christian sympathy with your suffering brethren. companions of--sharers in affliction with.”

“Partly - That is, your affliction consisted partly in this. The Greek is, “this” - specifying one kind of affliction that they were called to endure. Whilst ye were made a gazing-stock - Greek θεατριζόμενοι theatrizomenoi - you were made a public spectacle, as if in a theater; you were held up to public view, or exposed to public scorn. When this was done, or in precisely what manner, we are not told. It was not an uncommon thing, however, for the early Christians to be held up to reproach and scorn, and probably this refers to some time when it was done by rulers or magistrates. It was a common custom among the Greeks and Romans to lead criminals, before they were put to death, through the…”

“10:33 public ridicule: They were insulted and disgraced. • beaten: They were abused physically. • At times they were direct recipients of abuse, and at times they stood with others who were suffering.”

“made: Heb 11:36; Psa 71:7; Nah 3:6; Zac 3:8; Co1 4:9 by reproaches: Heb 11:26, Heb 13:13; Psa 69:9, Psa 74:22, Psa 79:12, Psa 89:51; Isa 51:7; Co2 12:10 whilst: Phi 1:7, Phi 4:14; Th1 2:14; Ti2 1:8, Ti2 1:16-18 Hebrews 10:34”