Hebrews 10:28

“He that despised Moses' law, etc..] By breaking it wilfully, and presumptuously, for which there was no sacrifice; meaning the law which Moses was the minister of not the author; and it respects the whole body of laws given by him, from God; and is instanced in for the sake of the comparison between him and Christ, and between the law and the Gospel, and for the illustration of the case in hand. Now one that transgressed that law, either in whole, or in part, by denying it entirely, or by breaking any particular precept of it presumptuously, died without mercy; a corporeal death; there was no atonement nor sacrifice for him, nor pity to be shown him, (<051308>Deuteronomy 13:8 19:13). Under…”

“Compare Heb 2:2-3; Heb 12:25. despised--"set at naught" [ALFORD]: utterly and heinously violated, not merely some minor detail, but the whole law and covenant; for example, by idolatry (Deu 17:2-7). So here apostasy answers to such an utter violation of the old covenant. died--Greek, "dies": the normal punishment of such transgression, then still in force. without mercy--literally, "mercies": removal out of the pale of mitigation, or a respite of his doom. under--on the evidence of.”

“He that despised Moses’ law - That is, the apostate from the religion of Moses. It does not mean that in all cases the offender against the Law of Moses died without mercy, but only where offences were punishable with death, and probably the apostle had in his eye particularly the case of apostasy from the Jewish religion. The subject of apostasy from the Christian religion is particularly under discussion here, and it was natural to illustrate this by a reference to a similar case under the Law of Moses. The Law in regard to apostates from the Jewish religion was positive. There was no reprieve; Deuteronomy 13:6-10. Died without mercy - That is, there was no provision for pardon. Under two…”

“He that, in capital cases, despised (presumptuously transgressed) the law of Moses died without mercy - Without any delay or mitigation of his punishment. Hebrews 10:29”

“10:28-29 The author argues from lesser to greater (see study note on 9:14). The lesser situation is the old punishment of death for a person who refused to obey the law of Moses (see Deut 13:6-11). The greater situation concerns those who reject Christ and treat him with contempt. • how much worse the punishment: Eternal damnation is the fate awaiting those who have rejected Christ. • The blood of the covenant, which made us holy, is Christ’s perfect sacrifice (9:11–10:18). • insulted and disdained the Holy Spirit: Those who reject the Spirit’s prompting and mercy deny the validity of the Good News and the superiority of Christ and his saving work (cp. Mark 3:22-30).”

“despised: Heb 2:2; Num 15:30, Num 15:31, Num 15:36; Deu 13:6-10, Deu 17:2-13; Sa2 12:9, Sa2 12:13 without: Deu 19:13; Isa 27:11; Jer 13:14; Rom 9:15; Jam 2:13 under: Deu 17:2, Deu 17:6, Deu 17:7, Deu 19:15; Mat 18:16; Joh 8:17; Co2 13:1 Hebrews 10:29”