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Ezekiel 48:31

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Ezekiel 48:31 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “and the gates of the city shall be after the names of the tribes of Israel, three gates northward: the gate of Reuben, one; the gate of Judah, one; the gate of Levi, one.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

and the gates of the city shall be after the names of the tribes of Israel, three gates northward: the gate of Reuben, one; the gate of Judah, one; the gate of Levi, one.
Ezekiel 48:31 — American Standard Version

Context — Ezekiel 48

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
28And by the border of Gad, at the south side southward, the border shall be even from Tamar unto the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook [of Egypt], unto the great sea.
29This is the land which ye shall divide by lot unto the tribes of Israel for inheritance, and these are their several portions, saith the Lord Jehovah.
30And these are the egresses of the city: On the north side four thousand and five hundred [reeds] by measure;
31and the gates of the city shall be after the names of the tribes of Israel, three gates northward: the gate of Reuben, one; the gate of Judah, one; the gate of Levi, one.
32And at the east side four thousand and five hundred [reeds], and three gates: even the gate of Joseph, one; the gate of Benjamin, one; the gate of Dan, one.
33And at the south side four thousand and five hundred [reeds] by measure, and three gates: the gate of Simeon, one; the gate of Issachar, one; the gate of Zebulun, one.
34At the west side four thousand and five hundred [reeds], with their three gates: the gate of Gad, one; the gate of Asher, one; the gate of Naphtali, one.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the gates of the city shall be after names of the tribes of Israel, &c.] According to number of them, twelve, and called by their names; the names of the several tribes being written on them; (see <662112> Revelation 21:12), this shows that all true Israelites indeed, Israel not after the flesh, but after the Spirit, have a right of entrance into, and communion with, the church of God; even the whole Israel of God, whom he has chosen for himself; Christ has redeemed by his blood, and the Spirit calls by his grace, and sanctifies; these are all, be they Jews or Gentiles, fellow citizens with the saints, and of the household of God: these gates, though twelve, with respect to the twelve…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“gates-- (Rev 21:12, &c.). The twelve gates bear the names of the twelve tribes to imply that all are regarded as having an interest in it.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Isa 26:1, Isa 26:2, Isa 54:12, Isa 60:11; Rev 21:12, Rev 21:13, Rev 21:21, Rev 21:25 Ezekiel 48:35”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification