Ezekiel 44:21

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Ezekiel 44:21 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Neither shall any of the priests drink wine, when they enter into the inner court.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Neither shall any of the priests drink wine, when they enter into the inner court.
Ezekiel 44:21 — American Standard Version

Context — Ezekiel 44

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
21Neither shall any of the priests drink wine, when they enter into the inner court.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Neither shall any priest drink wine, &c.] That is, to excess, immoderately, so as to be inebriated with it, (<031009>Leviticus 10:9-11), should not be given to it, and greedy of it, and drink it so as to disguise themselves: this is reckoned among the qualifications of a Gospel minister, (<540303>1 Timothy 3:3), otherwise it is not forbidden good men, or ministers of the word, to drink wine, for health’s sake, and for the refreshment of nature, provided it is done in moderation, (<540523>1 Timothy 5:23), and particularly care should be taken that they drink it in such a manner, when they enter into the inner court: to attend divine service, since immoderate drinking affects the memory; and…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Neither . . . wine--lest the holy enthusiasm of their devotion should be mistaken for inebriation, as in Peter's case (Act 2:13, Act 2:15, Act 2:18).”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Regulations as to the priests’ services. The garments of the priests are defined and various rules prescribed in the Law are repeated with some additions in order to denote additional care to avoid uncleanness. Ezekiel 44:18 The material of which the four vestments of the ordinary priest were made was “linen,” or, more accurately, “byssus,” the cotton stuff of Egypt. The two special qualities of the byssus - white and shining - are characteristic, and on them part of the symbolic meaning depended. Compare Revelation 19:8. Ezekiel 44:19 They shall not sanctify the people - They shall not touch the people with their holy garments. The word “sanctify” is used because the effect of touching was…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Drink wine - Or any other strong liquor, when they go either to trim the lamps or set the shew - bread in order, or to offer incense in the temple, or when they go to the altar to offer a sacrifice, which stood in the inner court. Ezekiel 44:24”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Lev 10:9; Luk 1:15; Ti1 3:8, Ti1 5:23; Tit 1:7, Tit 1:8 Ezekiel 44:22”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification