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Ezekiel 27:23

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Ezekiel 27:23 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur [and] Chilmad, were thy traffickers.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur [and] Chilmad, were thy traffickers.
Ezekiel 27:23 — American Standard Version

Context — Ezekiel 27

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
20Dedan was thy trafficker in precious cloths for riding.
21Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of thy hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they thy merchants.
22The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with the chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.
23Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traffickers of Sheba, Asshur [and] Chilmad, were thy traffickers.
24These were thy traffickers in choice wares, in wrappings of blue and broidered work, and in chests of rich apparel, bound with cords and made of cedar, among thy merchandise.
25The ships of Tarshish were thy caravans for thy merchandise: and thou wast replenished, and made very glorious in the heart of the seas.
26Thy rowers have brought thee into great waters: the east wind hath broken thee in the heart of the seas.
← Ezekiel 27:22Ezekiel 27:24 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Haran, and Canneh, and Eden, &c.] Haran was a city of Mesopotamia, the same with Haran, where Abraham dwelt awhile, (<440702>Acts 7:2), the Charrae of the Parthians, famous for the defeat of Crassus. Canneh is thought to be the same with Calneh, (<011010>Genesis 10:10), afterwards called Ctesiphon; and here, by the Targum, Netzibin, a place not far from Tigris; and Eden also was between Tigris and Euphrates. All three places seem to be in Mesopotamia, and not far from each other; the latter is thought by some to be the place where the garden of Eden was. The merchants of Sheba; this was another Sheba, distinct from that in (<262722>Ezekiel 27:22), this Sheba was the son of Jokshan, a son of…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Haran--the dwelling-place of Abraham in Mesopotamia, after he moved from Ur (Gen 11:31). Canneh--Calneh, an Assyrian city on the Tigris; the Ctesiphon of the Greeks (Gen 10:10). Eden--probably a region in Babylonia (see Gen 2:8). Chilmad--a compound; the place designated by PTOLEMY "Gaala of Media." The Chaldee version interprets it of Media. HENDERSON refers it to Carmanda, which XENOPHON describes as a large city beyond the Euphrates.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The thread broken at Ezekiel 27:8 is taken up, and the various nations are enumerated which traded with Tyre. Ezekiel 27:12 Tarshish - Tartessus in Spain (marginal references). Spain was rich in the metals named. Merchant - Especially applied to those who traveled about with caravans to carry on trade (see Genesis 23:16). Fairs - Or, “wares” Ezekiel 27:33. The word occurs only in this chapter. The foreign merchants gave their wares in return for the products delivered to them by Tyre. Ezekiel 27:13 Jaran - Greece (Ion), including the Grecian colonies in Sicily and Italy. Tubal, and Meshech - The Tibareni and Moschi, whose lands were on the Caucasian highlands between the Euxine and Caspian…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Haran - In Mesopotamia, where Abraham dwelt. Canneh - This is supposed to be the same with Calneh, Gen 10:10, afterwards Ctesiphon, a pleasant city on Tigris. Ashur - Assyria. Chilmad - A country between Assyria and Parthia. Ezekiel 27:25”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“27:23 Haran, Canneh, Eden, and Asshur were all located in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq). Kilmad is otherwise unattested in ancient sources and may be a scribal error for “all Media” (the region northeast of Mesopotamia).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Haran: Gen 11:31, Gen 11:32, Gen 12:4; Kg2 19:12; Isa 37:12; Act 7:4, Charran Canneh: Gen 10:10, Gen 10:22, Calneh, Isa 10:9, Calno, Amo 6:2, Calneh Eden: Gen 2:8; Amo 1:5 Sheba: Gen 25:3; Job 1:15 Asshur: Gen 32:22; Num 24:22; Psa 83:8; Isa 7:18, Isa 7:20 Ezekiel 27:24”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification