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Ezekiel 18:16

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Ezekiel 18:16 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;
Ezekiel 18:16 — American Standard Version

Context — Ezekiel 18

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
13hath given forth upon interest, and hath taken increase; shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.
14Now, lo, if he beget a son, that seeth all his father`s sins, which he hath done, and feareth, and doeth not such like;
15that hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, hath not defiled his neighbor`s wife,
16neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;
17that hath withdrawn his hand from the poor, that hath not received interest nor increase, hath executed mine ordinances, hath walked in my statutes; he shall not die for the iniquity of his father, he shall surely live.
18As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, robbed his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he shall die in his iniquity.
19Yet say ye, Wherefore doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? when the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Neither hath oppressed any, &c.] (See Gill on “<261807>Ezekiel 18:7”). hath not withholden the pledge; or, hath not pledged the pledgef268. The meaning is, not that he had not given one, but had not taken one. So the Targum, “the pledge he hath not taken;” or, if he did, he did not keep it beyond the time the law directs, but restored it to him whose it was; neither hath spoiled by violence, [but] hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment. The rest of the verse is the same with (<261807>Ezekiel 18:7).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“withholden the pledge: Heb. pledged the pledge, or taken to pledge, Eze 18:7 but hath: Job 22:7, Job 31:19; Pro 22:9, Pro 25:21, Pro 31:20; Ecc 11:1, Ecc 11:2; Isa 58:7-10; Luk 11:41, Luk 14:13 Ezekiel 18:17”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification