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Exodus 7:3

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 7:3 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And I will harden Pharaoh`s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And I will harden Pharaoh`s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
Exodus 7:3 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 7

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
1And Jehovah said unto Moses, See, I have made thee as God to Pharaoh; and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.
2Thou shalt speak all that I command thee; and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
3And I will harden Pharaoh`s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
4But Pharaoh will not hearken unto you, and I will lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth my hosts, my people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments.
5And the Egyptians shall know that I am Jehovah, when I stretch forth my hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them.
6And Moses and Aaron did so; as Jehovah commanded them, so did they.
← Exodus 7:2Exodus 7:4 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, etc.] (See Gill on “<020421>Exodus 4:21”) and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt; work one miracle and wonderful sign after another, until they are all wrought intended to be wrought; and which he had given Moses power to do, and until the end should be answered and obtained, the letting go of the children of Israel.”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“I will harden Pharaoh's heart--This would be the result. But the divine message would be the occasion, not the cause of the king's impenitent obduracy.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Wonders - A word used only of portents performed to prove a divine interposition; they were the credentials of God’s messengers. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“7:3 The Lord would use miraculous signs and wonders to convince Pharaoh, just as he had promised to use signs to convince the Israelites that they should follow Moses (3:12; 4:5, 8, 9).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“And I: Exo 4:21, Exo 4:29 multiply: Exo 4:7, Exo 9:16, Exo 11:9; Deu 4:34, Deu 7:19; Neh 9:10; Psa 78:43-51, Psa 105:27-36; Psa 135:9; Isa 51:9; Jer 32:20, Jer 32:21; Mic 7:15; Joh 4:48; Act 2:22, Act 7:36; Rom 15:19 Exodus 7:4”
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Related study paths

Read Exodus 7 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification