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Exodus 39:11

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 39:11 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “and the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond;” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

and the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond;
Exodus 39:11 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 39

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
8And he made the breastplate, the work of the skilful workman, like the work of the ephod; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.
9It was foursquare; they made the breastplate double: a span was the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, being double.
10And they set in it four rows of stones. A row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row;
11and the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond;
12and the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
13and the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jaspar: they were inclosed in inclosings of gold in their settings.
14And the stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, every one according to his name, for the twelve tribes.
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What do historical commentaries say?

Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“a diamond: Exo 28:18; Eze 28:13; The word yahalom may mean the diamond, from halam, to beat, smite, because of its extreme hardness, by which it will beat to pieces the other stones. It is a fine pellucid substance never debased with any admixture of other matter; susceptible of elegant tinges from metal-line particles; giving fire with steel; not fermenting with acid menstrua; scarcely calcinable by any degree of fire; and of one simple and permanent appearance in all lights. It is the hardest and most valuable of all gems; when pure, perfectly clear and pellucid as the clearest water, and eminently distinguished from all other substances by its vivid splendour, and the brightness of its…”
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Sources and verification