Exodus 34:22

“And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, etc.] The feast of Pentecost, called the feast of weeks, because seven sabbaths or weeks, or fifty days, were to be reckoned from the day in the passover feast, on which the sheaf of the wave offering was brought, (<032315>Leviticus 23:15,16) and which was also called the feast of the first fruits of wheat harvest, to distinguish it from the barley harvest, at the time of the passover, when a sheaf of barley was the wave offering to the Lord; but at this two loaves or cakes of fine wheaten flour were brought as the first fruits of the wheat harvest, (see <032317>Leviticus 23:17) and the feast of ingathering at the year’s end; which was the feast of…”

“The precepts contained in these verses are, for the most part, identical in substance with some of those which follow the Ten Commandments and are recorded in “the Book of the covenant” (Exo. 20–23; see Exodus 24:7). Exodus 34:13 Cut down their groves - This is the first reference to what is commonly known as grove-worship. The original word for “grove” in this connection אשׁרה 'ăshêrāh is different from that so rendered in Genesis 21:33. Our translators supposed that what the law commands is the destruction of groves dedicated to the worship of false deities Judges 6:25; 2 Kings 18:4; but inasmuch as the worship of asherah is found associated with that of Astarte, or Ashtoreth Judges…”

“34:22 Festival of the Final Harvest: See study notes on 23:16; Lev 23:15-21, 34-43.”

“feast of weeks: Exo 23:16; Num. 28:16-31, 29:12-39; Deu 16:10-15; Joh 7:2; Act 2:1 year's end: Heb. revolution of the year Exodus 34:23”