Exodus 28:20

“And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper, etc.] Whatever stone is meant by the first in this row, it must be of a sea green colour; for “tarshish”, the word used, signifies the sea; and so the beryl, as Pliny f835 says, imitates the greenness of the pure sea. Braunius f836 takes it to be the chrysolite that is meant; and so does Ainsworth; and it is so rendered by the Septuagint; and this, according to Ruaeus f837, is of a colour like the greenness of the sea: the “onyx” has its name from its being of the colour of a man’s nail, as observed before; but here “shoham” is thought by Braunius f838 to be the “sardonyx”, following Josephus, Jerom, and the Vulgate Latin version, which…”

“(Compare Exodus 39:1-31.) Moses is now commanded to commit all that pertains to the offerings made to the Lord in the sanctuary to the exclusive charge of the members of a single family, who were to hold their office from generation to generation. In the patriarchal times, the external rites of worship had generally been conducted by the head of the tribe or family, in accordance with the principle involved in the dedication of the firstborn Exodus 13:2; Numbers 3:12-13. Moses, as the divinely-appointed and acknowledged leader of the nation, had, on a special occasion, appointed those who were to offer sacrifice, and had himself sprinkled the consecrating blood of the victims on the people…”

“a beryl: Eze 1:16, Eze 10:9; Dan 10:6; Rev 21:20 an onyx: Exo 28:9 a jasper: Rev 4:3, Rev 21:11, Rev 21:18-20 enclosings: Heb. fillings, Exo 28:13 Exodus 28:21”

“"Gold borders shall be on their settings" (see at Exo 28:11 and Exo 28:13). The golden capsules, in which the stones were "filled," i.e., set, were to be surrounded by golden ornaments, which not only surrounded and ornamented the stones, but in all probability helped to fix them more firmly and yet more easily upon the woven fabric. Exodus 28:21”