Exodus 20:14

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 20:14 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Thou shalt not commit adultery.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Exodus 20:14 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 20

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
14Thou shalt not commit adultery.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shall not commit adultery,] Which, strictly speaking, is only that sin which is committed with another man’s wife, as Jarchi observes; but Aben Ezra thinks the word here used signifies the same as another more commonly used for whoredom and fornication; and no doubt but fornication is here included, which, though it was not reckoned a crime among some Heathens, is within the reach of this law, and forbidden by it, it being an impure action, and against a man’s body, as the apostle says, (<460618>1 Corinthians 6:18) as well as sins of a more enormous kind, as unnatural lusts and copulations, such as incest, sodomy, bestiality, etc. and even all unchaste thoughts, desires, and affections,…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The Hebrew name which is rendered in our King James Version as the ten commandments occurs in Exodus 34:28; Deuteronomy 4:13; Deuteronomy 10:4. It literally means “the Ten Words.” The Ten Commandments are also called the law, even the commandment Exodus 24:12, the words of the covenant Exodus 34:28, the tables of the covenant Deuteronomy 9:9, the covenant Deuteronomy 4:13, the two tables Deuteronomy 9:10, Deuteronomy 9:17, and, most frequently, the testimony (e. g. Exodus 16:34; Exodus 25:16), or the two tables of the testimony (e. g. Exodus 31:18). In the New Testament they are called simply the commandments (e. g. Matthew 19:17). The name decalogue is found first in Clement of Alexandria,…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shalt not commit adultery - This commandment forbids all acts of uncleanness, with all those desires, which produce those acts and war against the soul. Exodus 20:15”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“20:14 adultery: Here this term represents all sexual sins, among which adultery most clearly indicates breaking faith. Adulterers satisfy their sexual desires as they please, and they break faith with their spouse in so doing. Jesus expanded on this command in Matt 5:27-30.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Lev 18:20, Lev 20:10; Sa2 11:4, Sa2 11:5, Sa2 11:27; Pro 2:15-18, Pro 6:24-35, Pro 7:18-27; Jer 5:8, Jer 5:9, Jer 29:22, Jer 29:23; Mal 3:5; Mat 5:27, Mat 5:28; Mar 10:11, Mar 10:12; Rom 7:2, Rom 7:3; Eph 5:3-5; Heb 13:4; Jam 4:4; Rev 21:8 Exodus 20:15”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification