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Exodus 14:8

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 14:8 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.
Exodus 14:8 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 14

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
5And it was told the king of Egypt that the people were fled: and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was changed towards the people, and they said, What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?
6And he made ready his chariot, and took his people with him:
7and he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over all of them.
8And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.
9And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses [and] chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baal-zephon.
10And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto Jehovah.
11And they said unto Moses, Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to bring us forth out of Egypt?
← Exodus 14:7Exodus 14:9 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, etc.] As he said he would, (<021404>Exodus 14:4), and he pursued after the children of Israel; took their rout in pursuit of them: and the children of Israel went out with an high hand: not once dreaming they should be pursued by Pharaoh as an enemy, when they went out with his full consent, and with such pressing solicitations to be gone, and with so much favour shown them by the Egyptians; wherefore they set out, and went on with great boldness, courage, and intrepidity; “with an uncovered head”, as the Targum of Onkelos, without any fear, and with great alacrity and cheerfulness; they carried both their heads and their hands high,…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“With an high hand - Boldly, resolutely. Exodus 14:9”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“the Lord: Exo 14:4 with an high hand: Exo 6:1, Exo 13:9, Exo 13:16, Exo 13:18; Num 33:3; Deu 26:8, Deu 32:27; Psa 86:13; Act 13:17 Exodus 14:9”
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Related study paths

Read Exodus 14 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification