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Exodus 12:45

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 12:45 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.
Exodus 12:45 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 12

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
42It is a night to be much observed unto Jehovah for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of Jehovah, to be much observed of all the children of Israel throughout their generations.
43And Jehovah said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: there shall no foreigner eat thereof;
44but every man`s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
45A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.
46In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth aught of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.
47All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
48And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to Jehovah, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.] One of another nation, and one that was only hired by the day, week, or year; as they were not obliged to circumcision, so without it they had no right to eat of the passover, none but such as became proselytes of righteousness.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A foreigner - or sojourner: one who resides in a country, not having a permanent home, nor being attached to an Israelitish household. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“An hired servant - Unless he submit to be circumcised. Exodus 12:47”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Lev 22:10; Eph 2:12 Exodus 12:46”
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Related study paths

Read Exodus 12 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification