Ecclesiastes 8:4

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Ecclesiastes 8:4 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “For the king`s word [hath] power; and who may say unto him, What doest thou?” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

For the king`s word [hath] power; and who may say unto him, What doest thou?
Ecclesiastes 8:4 — American Standard Version

Context — Ecclesiastes 8

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
4For the king`s word [hath] power; and who may say unto him, What doest thou?

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Where the word of a king [is, there is] power, etc.] Or “dominion”f195. Authority goes along with his word of command; and there is an inferior magistracy, a subordinate power under him, ready to execute his will upon the rebellious and disobedient. Jarchi interprets it, the word of the holy blessed God; and the Targum, the word of that King who rules over all the world; where his word of doctrine comes, not in word only, it is with power: his written word is quick and powerful; the word of his Gospel preached is the power of God to salvation; or is accompanied with power to enlighten dark minds, quicken dead sinners, unstop deaf ears, soften hard hearts, and deliver men from the slavery of…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“God's very "word" is "power." So the gospel word (Rom 1:16; Heb 4:12). who may say, &c.-- (Job 9:12; Job 33:13; Isa 45:9; Dan 4:35). Scripture does not ascribe such arbitrary power to earthly kings.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“the word: Kg1 2:25, Kg1 2:29-34, Kg1 2:46; Pro 19:12, Pro 20:2, Pro 30:31; Dan 3:15; Luk 12:4, Luk 12:5; Rom 13:1-4 What: Job 33:12, Job 33:13, Job 34:18, Job 34:19; Rom 9:20 Ecclesiastes 8:5”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“"Inasmuch as the word of a king is powerful; and who can say to him: What doest thou?" The same thing is said of God, Job 9:12; Isa 45:9; Dan 4:32, Wisd. 12:12, but also of the king, especially of the unlimited monarch of a despotic state. Baasher verifies as בּשׁ at Ecc 2:16; cf. Gen 39:9, Gen 39:23; Greek, ἐν ᾧ and ἐφ ̓ ᾧ. Burger arbitrarily: quae dixit (דּבּר for דּבר), rex, in ea potestatem habet. The adjectival impers. use of the noun shilton = potestatem habens, is peculiar; in the Talm. and Midrash, shilton, like the Assyr. siltannu, (Note: Vid., Fried. Delitzsch's Assyr. Stud. p. 129f.) means the ruler (vid., under Ecc 5:8). That which now follows is not, as Hitzig supposes,…”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification