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Daniel 7:10

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Daniel 7:10 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousands of thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousands of thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
Daniel 7:10 — American Standard Version

Context — Daniel 7

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
7After this I saw in the night-visions, and, behold, a fourth beast, terrible and powerful, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth; it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with its feet: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns.
8I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another horn, a little one, before which three of the first horns were plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking great things.
9I beheld till thrones were placed, and one that was ancient of days did sit: his raiment was white as snow, and the hair of his head like pure wool; his throne was fiery flames, [and] the wheels thereof burning fire.
10A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousands of thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
11I beheld at that time because of the voice of the great words which the horn spake; I beheld even till the beast was slain, and its body destroyed, and it was given to be burned with fire.
12And as for the rest of the beasts, their dominion was taken away: yet their lives were prolonged for a season and a time.
13I saw in the night-visions, and, behold, there came with the clouds of heaven one like unto a son of man, and he came even to the ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him, etc.] Or, “a river of fire”f282; which denotes the copious judgments of God, the abundance of them; the full flow of his wrath, and the fierceness of it; and also its rapidity, which cannot be resisted and stopped: thousand thousands ministered unto him; attended upon him, waiting his orders, and ready to execute them; an innumerable company of angels, (<19A320>Psalm 103:20,21): and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; to be judged by him; the numerous inhabitants of the several monarchies, with their kings; particularly all the antichristian states, and the worshippers of the beast, whom the whole world went after,…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“thousand . . . ministered unto him--so at the giving of the law (Deu 33:2; Psa 68:17; Heb 12:22; Jde 1:14). ten . . . thousand before him--image from the Sanhedrim, in which the father of the consistory sat with his assessors on each side, in the form of a semicircle, and the people standing before him. judgment was set--The judges sat (Rev 20:4). books . . . opened-- (Rev 20:12). Forensic image; all the documents of the cause at issue, connected with the condemnation of Antichrist and his kingdom, and the setting up of Messiah's kingdom. Judgment must pass on the world as being under the curse, before the glory comes; but Antichrist offers glory without the cross, a renewed world without…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him - Streams of fire seemed to burst forth from his throne. Representations of this kind abound in the Scriptures to illustrate the majesty and glory of God. Compare Revelation 4:5, “And out of the throne proceeded lightnings, and thunderings, and voices.” Exodus 19:16; Habakkuk 3:4; Psalms 18:8. Thousand thousands ministered unto him - “A thousand of thousands;” that is, thousands multiplied a thousand times. The mind is struck with the fact that there are thousands present - and then the number seems as great as if those thousands were multiplied a thousand times. The idea is that there was an immense - a countless host. The reference here…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“7:10 Taken together, the millions and many millions indicate numbers beyond calculation. • the books: God keeps records and uses them as the basis for his judgment (cp. 10:21; 12:1; Exod 32:32; Pss 69:28; 139:16; Mal 3:16; Phil 4:3; Rev 20:12, 15; 21:27).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“fiery: Psa 50:3, Psa 97:2, Psa 97:3; Isa 30:27, Isa 30:33, Isa 66:15, Isa 66:16; Nah 1:5, Nah 1:6 thousand thousands: Deu 33:2; Kg1 22:19; Psa 68:17; Zac 14:5; Mat 25:31; Heb 12:22; Jde 1:14; Rev 5:11 the judgment: Psa 96:11-13; Mal 3:16-18; Rev 20:11-15 Daniel 7:11”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification