Colossians 1:20

“And by him to reconcile all things to himself, etc.] This depends upon the preceding verse, and is to be connected with that phrase in it, it pleased the Father, (<510119>Colossians 1:19); and the sense is, that it was the good will and pleasure of God from all eternity, as to lay up all fulness in Christ for his chosen people, so to reconcile them to himself by him; and which is another reason why Christ is, and ought to be considered as the head of the church, whose reconciliation he has procured, and why he ought to have the chief place in all things, and among all persons. Reconciliation supposes a former state of amity and friendship, and in such an one man was originally with God; and…”

“The Greek order is, "And through Him (Christ) to reconcile again completely (see on Eph 2:16) all things (Greek, 'the whole universe of things') unto Himself (unto God the Father, Co2 5:19), having made peace (God the Father having made peace) through the blood of His (Christ's) cross," that is, shed by Christ on the cross: the price and pledge of our reconciliation with God. The Scripture phrase, "God reconciles man to Himself," implies that He takes away by the blood of Jesus the barrier which God's justice interposes against man's being in union with God (compare Note, see on Rom 5:10; Co2 5:18). So the Septuagint, Sa1 29:4, "Wherewith should he reconcile himself unto his master," that…”

“And having made peace - Margin, “making.” The Greek will bear either. The meaning is, that by his atonement he produces reconciliation between those who were alienated from each other; see the notes at Ephesians 2:14. It does not mean here that he had actually effected peace by his death, but that he had laid the foundation for it; he had done that which would secure it. By the blood of his cross - By his blood shed on the cross. That blood, making atonement for sin, was the means of making reconciliation between God and man. On the meaning of the word “blood,” as used in this connection, see the notes at Romans 3:25. By him to reconcile all things to himself - On the meaning of the word…”

“Through the blood of the cross - The blood shed thereon. Whether things on earth - Here the enmity began: therefore this is mentioned first. Or things in heaven - Those who are now in paradise; the saints who died before Christ came. Colossians 1:21”

“1:20 Through Christ, God has reconciled everything to himself, reestablishing his rule over all creation, including both the spiritual and the earthly realms.”

“having made peace: or making peace, Col 1:21, Col 1:22; Lev 6:30; Psa 85:10, Psa 85:11; Isa 9:6, Isa 9:7; Eze 45:17-20; Dan 9:24-26; Mic 5:2, Mic 5:5; Zac 9:9, Zac 9:10; Luk 2:14; Act 10:30; Rom 5:1; Co2 5:19-21; Eph 2:13-17; Heb 13:20, Heb 13:21; Jo1 4:9, Jo1 4:10 reconcile: Co2 5:18; Heb 2:17 things in earth: Eph 1:10; Phi 2:10 Colossians 1:21”