2 Samuel 10:15

“And when the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, etc.] Considered it in their minds, and conversed with one another about it, and fearing what would be the consequence of it: they gathered themselves together; not only the forces got together again, that fled before Joab, but all the kings of Syria united their forces together, as appears from (<101019>2 Samuel 10:19); supposing that David would avenge himself on them for assisting the Ammonites against him; and therefore judged it advisable to raise a large army, that they might be in a condition to receive him.”

“am 2968, bc 1036, An, Ex, Is, 455 gathered: Psa 2:1; Isa 8:9, Isa 8:10; Mic 4:11, Mic 4:12; Zac 14:2, Zac 14:3; Rev 19:19-21 2 Kings (2 Samuel) 10:16”

“The Aramaeans, however, gathered together again after the first defeat, to continue the war; and Hadarezer, the most powerful of the Aramaean kings, sent messengers to Mesopotamia, and summoned it to war. It is very evident, not only from the words "he sent and brought out Aram, which was beyond the river," but also from the fact that Shobach, Hadarezer's general (Shophach according to the Chronicles), was at the head of the Mesopotamian troops, that the Mesopotamian troops who were summoned to help were under the supreme ruler of Hadarezer. This is placed beyond all possible doubt by Sa2 10:19, where the kings who had fought with Hadarezer against the Israelites are called his "servants,"…”