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2 Chronicles 36:11

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 2 Chronicles 36:11 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Zedekiah was twenty and one years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem:” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Zedekiah was twenty and one years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem:
2 Chronicles 36:11 — American Standard Version

Context — 2 Chronicles 36

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and his abominations which he did, and that which was found in him, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.
9Jehoiachin was eight years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months and ten days in Jerusalem: and he did that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah.
10And at the return of the year king Nebuchadnezzar sent, and brought him to Babylon, with the goodly vessels of the house of Jehovah, and made Zedekiah his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem.
11Zedekiah was twenty and one years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem:
12and he did that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah his God; he humbled not himself before Jeremiah the prophet [speaking] from the mouth of Jehovah.
13And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart against turning unto Jehovah, the God of Israel.
14Moreover all the chiefs of the priests, and the people, trespassed very greatly after all the abominations of the nations; and they polluted the house of Jehovah which he had hallowed in Jerusalem.
← 2 Chronicles 36:102 Chronicles 36:12 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“ZEDEKIAH'S REIGN. (Ch2 36:11-21) Zedekiah--Nebuchadnezzar appointed him. His name, originally Mattaniah, was, according to the custom of Oriental conquerors, changed into Zedekiah. Though the son of Josiah (Ch1 3:15; Jer 1:2-3; Jer 37:1), he is called the brother of Jehoiachin (Ch2 36:10), that is, according to the latitude of Hebrew style in words expressing affinity, his relative or kinsman (see Kg2 24:18; 2Ki. 25:1-21).”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“36:11-14 Although Jeremiah repeatedly urged Zedekiah to submit to the Babylonians rather than look for help from Egypt (Jer 25:1-11; 27:1-22; 34:1-22; 37:1–38:28), Zedekiah refused to humble himself and rebelled, violating his oath. 36:11 Zedekiah reigned from 597 to 586 BC.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“am 3405-3416, bc 599-588 one and twenty: Kg2 24:18-20; Jer 52:1-3 2 Chronicles 36:12”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“The reign of Zedekiah; the destruction of Jerusalem, and Judah carried away into exile. Cf. 2 Kings 24:18-25:21. - Zedekiah, made king at the age of twenty-one years, reigned eleven years, and filled up the measure of sins, so that the Lord was compelled to give the kingdom of Judah up to destruction by the Chaldeans. To that Zedekiah brought it by the two main sins of his evil reign, - namely, by not humbling himself before the prophet Jeremiah, from the mouth of Jahve ( Ch2 36:12); and by rebelling against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had caused him to swear by God, and by so hardening his neck (being stiff-necked), and making stout his heart, that he did not return to Jahve the God of Israel.…”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification