1 Timothy 2:12

New Testament Epistle (Pauline) ASV (1901)

What does 1 Timothy 2:12 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “But I permit not a woman to teach, nor to have dominion over a man, but to be in quietness.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

But I permit not a woman to teach, nor to have dominion over a man, but to be in quietness.
1 Timothy 2:12 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Timothy 2

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
12But I permit not a woman to teach, nor to have dominion over a man, but to be in quietness.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“But I suffer not a woman to teach, &c,] They may teach in private, in their own houses and families; they are to be teachers of good things, (<560203>Titus 2:3). They are to bring up their children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord; nor is the law or doctrine of a mother to be forsaken, any more than the instruction of a father; (see <200108>Proverbs 1:8 31:1-4). Timothy, no doubt, received much advantage, from the private teachings and instructions of his mother Eunice, and grandmother Lois; but then women are not to teach in the church; for that is an act of power and authority, and supposes the persons that teach to be of a superior degree, and in a superior office, and to have…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“usurp authority--"to lord it over the man" [ALFORD], literally, "to be an autocrat."”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“But I suffer not a woman to teach - see the notes on 1 Corinthians 14:34. Nor to usurp authority over the man - notes, 1 Corinthians 11:3. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“To usurp authority over the man - By public teaching. 1 Timothy 2:13”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“2:12 teach men or have authority over them: The relationship between teaching and authority depends on how both are understood. Women did teach (Titus 2:3-5), but there are no clear New Testament examples or endorsements of women teaching men in church meetings (cp. Acts 18:26; 1 Cor 14:34-35; Phil 4:3). We know it was happening in some of the churches only by way of Paul’s opposing responses. Women did prophesy (Acts 2:17-18; 21:9; 1 Cor 11:5), but some types of prophecy might not have been seen as authoritative teaching (Acts 11:28; 21:10-11; 1 Cor 14:29). • have authority over them (or usurp their authority): This verb can denote either a domineering attitude or simply the exercise of…”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification