1 Samuel 30:10

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Samuel 30:10 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “But David pursued, he and four hundred men; for two hundred stayed behind, who were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

But David pursued, he and four hundred men; for two hundred stayed behind, who were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor.
1 Samuel 30:10 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Samuel 30

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
10But David pursued, he and four hundred men; for two hundred stayed behind, who were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“But David pursued, he and four hundred men, etc.] Not discouraged with being obliged to leave a third part of his little army behind; though it was doubtless a trial of his faith, with these to pursue an enemy, whose numbers he knew not, which must greatly exceed his; for after the rout and slaughter of them, as many escaped on camels as David had with him, (<093017>1 Samuel 30:17); for two hundred abode behind, which were so faint; through their grief and sorrow for the loss of their wives and children, and through their march from the camp of the Philistines to Ziklag, and from thence hither, that they looked like a corpse, as the word signifies; Procopius Gazaeus has it only seventy men:…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Four hundred - A small number for such an attempt: but David was strong in faith, giving God the glory of his power and faithfulness. 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 30:12”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“30:10 too exhausted: David’s men had traveled for three days (30:1) and were now in hot pursuit of the Amalekites without having rested. David did not upbraid them or drive them on mercilessly. See 30:23-25.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“for two hundred: Sa1 30:21 so faint: Sa1 14:20, Sa1 14:31; Jdg 8:4, Jdg 8:5 the brook Besor: This brook or torrent, it is evident from the circumstances of the history, must be in the south-west part of Judea, and must empty itself into the Mediterranean Sea. In the more particular situation of it writers are not agreed. Some suppose it to be between Gaza and Rhinocorura; but Jerome places it between Rhinocorura and Egypt. It is supposed by some to be the same as the river of the wilderness ( Amo 6:14), and the river of Egypt, Jos 15:4. 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 30:11”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification