1 Samuel 20:41

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Samuel 20:41 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of [a place] toward the South, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of [a place] toward the South, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.
1 Samuel 20:41 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Samuel 20

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
41And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of [a place] toward the South, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“[And] as soon as the lad was gone, etc.] Which David could observe from his lurking place: David arose out of [a place] toward the south; to the south of the field in which he was hid, or to the south of the stone Ezel, near which he was; and so the Targum, “and David arose from the side of the stone Atha, which was towards the south;” Jonathan shooting his arrows to the north of it, lest the lad should have discovered David when he ran for them: and fell on his face to the ground; in reverence of Jonathan, as the son of a king, and in respect to him as his friend, who had so faithfully served him, and was so concerned to save his life: and bowed himself three times: this was before he fell…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“JONATHAN AND DAVID LOVINGLY PART. (Sa1 20:41-42) David . . . fell on his face to the ground, and bowed three times--a token of homage to the prince's rank; but on a close approach, every other consideration was sunk in the full flow of the purest brotherly affection.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A place toward the south - An unintelligible description; one expects a repetition of the description of David’s hiding-place in 1 Samuel 20:19. The Septuagint in both places has “argab,” a word meaning a “heap of stones.” If this be the true reading, David’s hiding-place was either a natural cavernous rock which was called “Argab,” or some ruin of an ancient building, equally suited for a hiding-place. Bowed himself three times - In token, doubtless, of his unshaken loyalty to Jonathan as the son of his king, as well as his friend; and in acknowledgment of Jonathan’s power to kill him if he saw fit. (Compare Genesis 33:3). David exceeded - His affection for Jonathan, coupled with his sense…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“20:41 David bowed: Jonathan had the higher social rank, so David’s homage was fitting. • Both of them were in tears: For the first time, the record of the emotion between these two men shows mutuality (see 18:1, 3-4; 20:17).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“and fell: Sa1 25:23; Gen 43:28; Sa2 9:6 and they kissed: Sa1 10:1; Gen 29:11, Gen 29:13, Gen 45:15; Sa2 19:39; Act 20:37 David exceeded: Sa1 18:3; Sa2 1:26 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 20:42”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification