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1 Kings 9:20

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Kings 9:20 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;
1 Kings 9:20 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Kings 9

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
17And Solomon built Gezer, and Beth-horon the nether,
18and Baalath, and Tamar in the wilderness, in the land,
19and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and the cities for his chariots, and the cities for his horsemen, and that which Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion.
20As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;
21their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel were not able utterly to destroy, of them did Solomon raise a levy of bondservants unto this day.
22But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondservants; but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
23These were the chief officers that were over Solomon`s work, five hundred and fifty, who bare rule over the people that wrought in the work.
← 1 Kings 9:191 Kings 9:21 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And all the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, etc.] Who were not destroyed in the times of Joshua, or since, but dwelt in several cities of the land of Israel from those times; (see <070101>Judges 1:1), which were not of the children of Israel; not natives of the land of Israel, though they might be proselytes, at least some of them.”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“9:20-23 Solomon’s conscripted slaves were made up of early Canaanite settlers; 550 chief supervisors, of whom 250 were Israelites, superintended the forced laborers (2 Chr 8:9-10; see 1 Kgs 5:15-16 with 2 Chr 2:17-18).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“left: Ch2 8:7, Ch2 8:8-18 Amorites: Gen 15:19-21; Exo 23:23, Exo 23:28-33, Exo 34:11, Exo 34:12; Deu 7:1-3 3 Kings (1 Kings) 9:21”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification