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1 Kings 11:23

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Kings 11:23 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And God raised up [another] adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And God raised up [another] adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.
1 Kings 11:23 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Kings 11

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
20And the sister of Tahpenes bare him Genubath his son, whom Tahpenes weaned in Pharaoh`s house; and Genubath was in Pharaoh`s house among the sons of Pharaoh.
21And when Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers, and that Joab the captain of the host was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, Let me depart, that I may go to mine own country.
22Then Pharaoh said unto him, But what hast thou lacked with me, that, behold, thou seekest to go to thine own country? And he answered, Nothing: howbeit only let me depart.
23And God raised up [another] adversary unto him, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah.
24And he gathered men unto him, and became captain over a troop, when David slew them [of Zobah]: and they went to Damascus, and dwelt therein, and reigned in Damascus.
25And he was an adversary to Israel all the days of Solomon, besides the mischief that Hadad [did]: and he abhorred Israel, and reigned over Syria.
26And Jeroboam the son of Nebat, an Ephraimite of Zeredah, a servant of Solomon, whose mother`s name was Zeruah, a widow, he also lifted up his hand against the king.
← 1 Kings 11:221 Kings 11:24 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And God stirred him up another adversary, etc.] One from the north, as the other was from the south: Rezon, the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah: when David fought with him; and this man seeing the battle go against his master, and that he was like to be worsted, deserted him and fled, (see <100803>2 Samuel 8:3).”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Rezon - Possibly the same as the Hezion of 1 Kings 15:18; but probably one who interrupted the royal line of the Damascene Hadads, which was restored after his death. We may arrange the Damascus-kings of this period as follows: RE-DO THE NEXT PARAGRAPH! Hadadezer (or Hadad I), about 1040 B.C. (conquered by David). Rezon (usurper) was contemporary with Solomon. Hezion (Hadad II) was contemporary with Rehoboam. Tabrimon (Hadad III) was contemporary with Abijam. Ben-hadad (Hadad IV) was contemporary with Asa. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Who fled - When David had defeated him. Zobah - A part of Syria, between Damascus and Euphrates. 3 Kings (1 Kings) 11:24”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“11:23-25 Solomon’s second adversary was Rezon, an Aramean who had served under King Hadadezer of Aram-zobah. When David had defeated Hadadezer (2 Sam 8:3-7), Rezon escaped, gained a group of followers, and went to Damascus. He maintained himself there when Solomon campaigned in Hamath-zobah (2 Chr 8:3-4) and eventually became king of Damascus. Like Hadad, Rezon remained a bitter enemy of Israel and was troublesome to Solomon.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“God: Kg1 11:14; Sa2 16:11; Ezr 1:1; Isa 13:17, Isa 37:26, Isa 45:5; Eze 38:16 Hadadezer: Sa2 8:3, Sa2 10:8, Sa2 10:15-18; Ch1 18:3-9, Ch1 19:6, Ch1 19:16-19, Hadarezer, Psa 60:1 \*title 3 Kings (1 Kings) 11:24”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification