1 Corinthians 15:45

New Testament Epistle (Pauline) ASV (1901)

What does 1 Corinthians 15:45 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “So also it is written, The first man Adam became a living soul. The last Adam [became] a life-giving spirit.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

So also it is written, The first man Adam became a living soul. The last Adam [became] a life-giving spirit.
1 Corinthians 15:45 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Corinthians 15

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
45So also it is written, The first man Adam became a living soul. The last Adam [became] a life-giving spirit.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And so it is written, etc.] In (<010207>Genesis 2:7) the first man Adam was made a living soul: in the Hebrew text it is, man, or Adam, became, or was made a living soul; that is, as the apostle says, “the first man Adam”: he calls him, as the Jews f339 frequently do, ˆwçarh µda, “the first man”; he was the first man that was made, and the first parent of mankind, and the head and representative of all his posterity, and so the first in time, causality and dignity; whose name was Adam, so called by God in the day he was created, because he was formed hmdah ˆm, “from the ground, or earth”; when God breathed life into the earthly mass, or lump; and being animated with a rational soul, it…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“so--in accordance with the distinction just mentioned between the natural or animal-souled body and the spiritual body. it is written-- (Gen 2:7); "Man became (was made to become) a living soul," that is, endowed with an animal soul, the living principle of his body. the last Adam--the LAST Head of humanity, who is to be fully manifested in the last day, which is His day (Joh 6:39). He is so called in Job 19:25; see on Job 19:25 (compare Rom 5:14). In contrast to "the last," Paul calls "man" (Gen 2:7) "the FIRST Adam." quickening--not only living, but making alive (Joh 5:21; Joh 6:33, Joh 6:39-40, Joh 6:54, Joh 6:57, Joh 6:62-63; Rom 8:11). As the natural or animal-souled body (Co1 15:44) is…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“And so it is written, - Genesis 2:7. It is only the first part of the verse which is quoted. The first man Adam was made a living soul - This is quoted exactly from the translation by the Septuagint, except that the apostle has added the words “first” and “Adam.” This is done to designate whom he meant. The meaning of the phrase “was made a living soul” (ἐγένετο εις ψυκὴν ζωσαν egeneto eis psuchēn zōsan - in Hebrew, נפשׁ חיה nephesh chayaah is, became a living, animated being; a being endowed with life. The use of the word “soul” in our translation, for ψυχὴ psuchē, and נפשׁ nephesh, does not quite convey the idea. We apply the word “soul,” usually, to the intelligent and the immortal…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“The first Adam was made a living soul - God gave him such life as other animals enjoy: but the last Adam, Christ, is a quickening spirit - As he hath life in himself, so he quickeneth whom he will; giving a more refined life to their very bodies at the resurrection. Gen 2:7 1 Corinthians 15:47”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“15:45-49 Adam and Christ founded two distinct humanities: One is natural and earthly, enslaved to sin and death; the other is spiritual and heavenly, purified and destined for life. Adam represents the natural (physical) body and Christ the spiritual (resurrection) body. See also 15:21-22; Rom 5:12-21. 15:45-46 Just as Christ’s life-giving Spirit supersedes the natural life, the spiritual body will supersede the physical body.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“The first: Co1 15:47-49; Gen 2:7; Rom 5:12-14; Rev 16:3 a quickening: Joh 1:4, Joh 4:10, Joh 4:14, Joh 5:21, Joh 5:25-29, Joh 6:33, Joh 6:39, Joh 6:40, Joh 6:54, Joh 6:57, Joh 6:63, Joh 6:68, Joh 10:10, Joh 10:28; Joh 11:25, Joh 11:26, Joh 14:6, Joh 14:19, Joh 17:2, Joh 17:3; Act 3:15; Rom 5:17, Rom 5:21, Rom 8:2, Rom 8:10, Rom 8:11; Phi 3:21; Col 3:4; Jo1 1:1-3, Jo1 5:11, Jo1 5:12; Rev 21:6, Rev 22:1, Rev 22:17 1 Corinthians 15:46”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification