1 Chronicles 4:4

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Chronicles 4:4 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the first-born of Ephrathah, the father of Beth-lehem.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the first-born of Ephrathah, the father of Beth-lehem.
1 Chronicles 4:4 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Chronicles 4

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
4and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the first-born of Ephrathah, the father of Beth-lehem.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And Penuel the father of Gedor, etc.] The prince of that place, according to some, and the same with Hareph, (<130251>1 Chronicles 2:51), and Ezer the father of Hushah: thought to be the same with Shuah, (<130411>1 Chronicles 4:11), these are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah: Caleb’s wife, (<130219>1 Chronicles 2:19) the Targum adds, the same with Miriam; and so other Jewish writers f22 say, Miriam had two names, and one was Ephratah; though Josephus makes f23 Hur to be her husband, and not her son, as here: who was the father of Bethlehem; of the inhabitants of that city, at least part of them, or prince of that place, as his grandson Salma also was, (<130251>1 Chronicles 2:51).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Gedor: Ch1 4:18, Ch1 4:39; Jos 15:36 Hur: Ch1 2:19, Ch1 2:50 1 Chronicles 4:5”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification