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1 Chronicles 19:9

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Chronicles 19:9 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field.
1 Chronicles 19:9 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Chronicles 19

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
6And when the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent a thousand talents of silver to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, and out of Arammaacah, and out of Zobah.
7So they hired them thirty and two thousand chariots, and the king of Maacah and his people, who came and encamped before Medeba. And the children of Ammon gathered themselves together from their cities, and came to battle.
8And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.
9And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field.
10Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians.
11And the rest of the people he committed into the hand of Abishai his brother; and they put themselves in array against the children of Ammon.
12And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me; but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will help thee.
← 1 Chronicles 19:81 Chronicles 19:10 →
← Full Chapter 19 1 Chronicles Overview

What do historical commentaries say?

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“children of Ammon . . . put the battle in array before the gate of the city--that is, outside the walls of Medeba, a frontier town on the Arnon. the kings that were come were by themselves in the field--The Israelitish army being thus beset by the Ammonites in front, and by the Syrian auxiliaries behind, Joab resolved to attack the latter (the more numerous and formidable host), while he directed his brother Abishai, with a suitable detachment, to attack the Ammonites. Joab's address before the engagement displays the faith and piety that became a commander of the Hebrew people. The mercenaries being defeated, the courage of the Ammonites failed; so that, taking flight, they entrenched…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“19:9-13 The enemy armies drew their battle lines strategically; the Ammonites positioned themselves so that the city of Medeba could serve as a refuge, while the Israelites also had to deal with a second offensive from the Arameans. Joab divided his forces to fight on both fronts from a central rallying point.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“put the battle: Sa1 17:2; Sa2 18:4; Ch2 13:3, Ch2 14:10; Isa 28:6; Jer 50:42; Joe 2:5 the kings: Sa2 10:8; Kg1 20:1, Kg1 20:24 1 Chronicles 19:10”
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Related study paths

Read 1 Chronicles 19 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification