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1 Chronicles 18:3

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Chronicles 18:3 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.
1 Chronicles 18:3 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Chronicles 18

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
1And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and its towns out of the hand of the Philistines.
2And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
3And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.
4And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen; and David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
5And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succor Hadarezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
6Then David put [garrisons] in Syria of Damascus; and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought tribute. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
← 1 Chronicles 18:21 Chronicles 18:4 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“DAVID SMITES HADADEZER AND THE SYRIANS. (Ch1 18:3-17) Hadarezer--or, "Hadadezer" (Sa2 8:3), which was probably the original form of the name, was derived from Hadad, a Syrian deity. It seems to have become the official and hereditary title of the rulers of that kingdom. Zobah--Its situation is determined by the words "unto" or "towards Hamath," a little to the northeast of Damascus, and is supposed by some to be the same place as in earlier times was called Hobah (Gen 14:15). Previous to the rise of Damascus, Zobah was the capital of the kingdom which held supremacy among the petty states of Syria. as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates--Some refer this to David, who was…”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Hadarezer: Hadadezer, הדדעזר \[Strong's H1909\], in the parallel passage, seems an evident mistake for הדרעזר \[Strong's H1928\], Hadarezer; for the LXX and Vulgate there, as here, read Αδρααζαρ, Adarezer. The difference arises from the mistake of a ר, raish, for a ד, daleth, two letters very similar. Sa2 8:3, Hadadezer Zobah: Sa1 14:47; Sa2 10:6; Psa 60:1 \*title by the river: Gen 15:18; Exo 23:31 1 Chronicles 18:4”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification