1 Chronicles 12:40

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Chronicles 12:40 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Moreover they that were nigh unto them, [even] as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victuals of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance: for there was joy in Israel.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Moreover they that were nigh unto them, [even] as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victuals of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance: for there was joy in Israel.
1 Chronicles 12:40 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Chronicles 12

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
40Moreover they that were nigh unto them, [even] as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, victuals of meal, cakes of figs, and clusters of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance: for there was joy in Israel.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Moreover, they that were nigh, etc.] To Hebron, or bordered on the tribe of Judah: even unto Issachar, and Zebulun, and Naphtali; as far as to those tribes, and including them: brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules; all which were creatures used to carry burdens: and on oxen; who, though commonly employed in ploughing, yet, on this occasion, might be made use of either in drawing wagons laden with provisions, such as follow, or in carrying loads on their backs; though, as Tully f80 observes, their backs show they were not formed to receive and carry burdens: and meat, meal, cakes of figs, and bunches of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep abundantly, that is, food…”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“brought: The Septuagint reads εφερον αυτιος, "brought (to) them" which is probably correct; the Hebrew lahem, "to them" might be easily mistaken for lechem, "bread." The passage will then read, "bought them on asses, on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, meat, meal, cakes of figs," etc., which renders the introduction of and unnecessary. From the mention of oil, figs, and raisins, Mr. Harmer thinks that this assembly was held in autumn. Sa2 16:1, Sa2 17:27-29 meat, meal: or, victual of meal cakes of figs: Sa1 25:18 there was joy: Kg1 1:40; Kg2 11:20; Pro 11:10, Pro 29:2; Jer 23:5, Jer 23:6; Luk 19:37, Luk 19:38; Rev 19:5-7 Next: 1 Chronicles Chapter 13”
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Sources and verification